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      Question

      Which achievement is attributed to NASA’s Surya AI

      model in testing against historical events and existing models?
      A Recreated the 2012 solar storm and matched existing models’ accuracy Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Recreated the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm and outperformed existing models by up to 16% in solar flare prediction Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Predicted solar flares 24 hours in advance with 100% accuracy Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Replaced all conventional forecasting models for space weather globally Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Was trained on one year of Solar Dynamics Observatory data and produced limited improvements Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Surya, developed by NASA with IBM and trained on nine years of Solar Dynamics Observatory data, successfully recreated the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm in tests. In predictive performance, it outperformed existing models by up to 16% in predicting solar flares. The model uses machine learning techniques (spectral block layers and long-short transformers) to forecast solar events—such as flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs)—with lead times of up to two hours, improving forecast accuracy and operational preparedness for satellites, power grids, and aviation. Surya is also open-source, enabling international collaboration and model improvement.

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