Which nation has allowed women to go for Hajj without a

The "standard deviation" is the square root of which other statistical measure?

What does a p-value less than a significance level (e.g., 0.05) typically indicate in hypothesis testing?

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency that represents the middle value in a sorted dataset?

Which statistical measure quantifies the average squared deviation of each data point from the mean?

Which type of data can be ordered, but the differences between values are not meaningful (e.g., satisfaction ratings: "Good," "Better," "Best")?

Which numerical method approximates the definite integral of a function by dividing the area under the curve into trapezoids?

In numerical computing, what type of error occurs when a continuous function is approximated by a discrete sum or a finite number of terms?