Start learning 50% faster. Sign in now
1. Dual Biological Roles of Gluconic Acid: A) Food Applications: a. Acts as a natural acidulant (E574 food additive) b. Provides mild sourness (pH 3.5-4.5) in: • Wines (balances sweetness) • Fruit juices (enhances flavor) • Baked goods (leavening agent) c. Approved by FSSAI as pH regulator B) Agricultural Applications: d. Chelates metal ions (Fe³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) in: • Fertilizers (improves micronutrient absorption) • Irrigation systems (prevents mineral deposits) e. Used in 30% of commercial micronutrient fertilizers 2. Chemical Properties: a. Organic acid (C₆H₁₂O₇) derived from glucose oxidation b. Forms stable complexes with divalent cations 3. Regulatory Status: a. GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by FDA b. Permitted under FSSAI Regulation 3.1.3 4. Why Other Options Are Incomplete: a. (A) or (B) alone only describe partial functionality b. (D) contradicts established biochemical evidence 5. Industrial Production: a. Microbial fermentation (Aspergillus niger) - 85% global production b. Electrochemical oxidation - emerging technology Technical Note: In wines, gluconic acid concentration >1g/L indicates Botrytis cinerea infection (noble rot). Safety: • ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake): 0-50 mg/kg body weight (JECFA) • Banned in infant foods (FSSAI Regulation 2.4) This dual-role functionality makes gluconic acid unique among food acids, justifying the comprehensive answer (C).
In October 2020, the world's longest highway tunnel was inaugurated in the state of
What was the net direct tax collection in India for April-November 2024?
Ministry of Railways announced the recruitment of the Indian Railways Management Service (IRMS) will be done through ___?
Which department received the Skoch SILVER Award 2023 for e-Governance?
Which payment company has signed an agreement with NPCI to expand the scope of Unified Payments Interface ( UPI) payments outside India without requirin...
GoDigit Life, the life insurance business of GoDigit Insurance has raised equity funding from two major private sector lenders Axis Bank and HDFC Bank. ...
_______ has signed a definitive agreement to acquire a 100 percent equity stake in ASAP Group, a German automotive engineering services provider, for Eu...
Sriya Lenka, an 18-year old has recently become India’s first-ever-K Pop Artist. She belongs to?
What is the average sea surface temperature recorded in 2023 that contributed to global coral bleaching?