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    Question

    Which one of the following is used as catalyst in

    hydrogenation of oil?
    A Cu Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Ni Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Cd Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Fe Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    1. Process Details:  a. Nickel catalyst (Raney nickel) at 120-190°C  b. Converts liquid oils → semi-solid fats (e.g., vanaspati) 2. Why Nickel? a. High surface area (150 m²/g)  b. Selective for cis→trans conversion 3. Health Concern:  a. Residual Ni limit: ≤1.5 ppm (FSSAI standards)  b. Linked to cardiovascular diseases 4. Alternatives:  a. Palladium (expensive)  b. Enzymatic hydrogenation (emerging tech)

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