Evaluate the following statements about team development:
I. Tuckman’s Five Stages of Group Development  Forming (orientation, dependence on leader), Storming (conflict and competition as members assert themselves), Norming (cohesion, roles clarified, cooperation develops), Performing (high productivity, team works interdependently), and Adjourning (dissolution, reflection)  represent the typical developmental progression of teams.
II. Amy Edmondson’s concept of Psychological Safety  the shared belief that the team is safe for interpersonal risk-taking  is a critical enabler of the Storming-to-Norming transition: without psychological safety, conflict during the Storming stage creates defensive behaviour and teams fail to move into productive Norming, instead becoming stuck in unresolved conflict or superficial conformity. Which of the above is/are correct?

Statement I is correct. Bruce Tuckman (1965, later adding Adjourning in 1977) described the typical progression of group development: Forming (uncertainty, members politely explore the situation and depend on the leader for direction); Storming (disagreement, power struggles, and conflict as members resist group control); Norming (conflict resolves, norms develop, cohesion builds); Performing (the team is fully functional, interdependent, and productive); Adjourning (the team dissolves after the task is complete, with reflection and disengagement). Statement II is correct. Psychological safety (Amy Edmondson, Harvard, 1999) is the condition that enables teams to move through Storming productively. In the Storming stage, members must be able to voice disagreements, challenge ideas, and take interpersonal risks (expressing dissent, admitting ignorance) without fear of ridicule or retaliation. Without psychological safety, the natural conflicts of Storming cause members to go silent, form coalitions, or resort to superficial conformity rather than genuine problem-solving  preventing the team from developing the authentic shared norms needed for Norming.