Herzberg’s hygiene factors lead to which of the following?

As per Herzberg dual factor theory, hygiene factors are those job factors which are essential for existence of motivation at workplace. These do not lead to positive satisfaction for long-term. But if these factors are absent at workplace then they lead to dissatisfaction. These factors are extrinsic to work. Hygiene factors are also called as dissatisfiers or maintenance factors as they are required to avoid dissatisfaction. The hygiene factors symbolized the physiological needs which the individuals wanted and expected to be fulfilled. Hygiene factors include salary or pay, fringe benefits, work environment, job security, company policies, etc.