With reference to United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report on HDI, consider the following statements:
1.   There has been a decline of human development in 2020 or 2021 across the world for the first time in 32 years.
2.   India’s HDI value in 2021 places the country in the medium human development category.
3.   Ensuing Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022 has impacted the development trajectory of India and the world.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Human Development’ is the key enabler for upward social mobility. The challenges posed by the aftermath of the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 and the ensuing Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022 have impacted the development trajectory of India and the world. Hence, statement 3 is correct. In the wake of these developments, there was a global decline in human development. According to a United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report, 90 percent of countries have registered a reduction in their Human Development Index (HDI) value in 2020 or 2021, indicating that human development across the world has stalled for the first time in 32 years. Hence, statement 1 is correct. India ranked 132 out of 191 countries and territories in the 2021/2022 HDI report. India’s HDI value of 0.633 in 2021 places the country in the medium human development category, lower than its value of 0.645 in 2019. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
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