Which one of the following is not a step introduced by

Solution

John Kotter (1996), a Harvard Business School Professor and a renowned change expert, in his book “Leading Change”, introduced 8 Step Model of Change which he developed on the basis of research of 100 organizations which were going through a process of change.   The 8 steps in the process of change include: ·         creating a sense of urgency, ·         forming powerful guiding coalitions, ·         developing a vision and a strategy, ·         communicating the vision, ·         removing obstacles and empowering employees for action, ·         creating short-term wins, ·         consolidating gains and ·         strengthening change by anchoring change in the culture