Question

In the following question, a sentence has been given with a highlighted phrase in it. Choose the best alternative to replace the highlighted phrase so as to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. If no replacement is required, choose option E. How can the newly launched monitoring system track critical infrastructure projects without receiving accurate data from the respective state agencies?

Q: Answer-In the following question, a sentence has been given with a highlighted phrase in it. Choose the bes...

Explanation Concept Tested Prepositions followed by Gerunds without V-ing. Why Option E is correct The preposition without is naturally followed by a gerund receiving. The full phrase without receiving accurate data from is completely correct and natural. Why other options are wrong Option A uses without receive preposition base verb, which is incorrect. Option B uses data of, but data comes from an agency, so from is the correct preposition. Option C uses unless it receives, which is grammatically fine on its own, but unnecessary here since without receiving is already grammatically perfect and more concise. Option D uses except it receives, which is contextually incorrect except cannot function as a conditional conjunction here. Correct Sentence How can the newly launched monitoring system track critical infrastructure projects without receiving accurate data from the respective state agencies