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      Question

      In each of the following sentences, a blank has been

      provided. Choose the most appropriate word from the given options to make the sentence grammatically correct and contextually meaningful. The historian argued that the rapid collapse of the empire could not be attributed to a single event; rather, it emerged from a ______ accumulation of political instability, economic exhaustion, and institutional decay over several decades.
      A superficial Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B sporadic Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C cumulative Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D arbitrary Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E transient Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      The sentence explains that: The empire collapsed gradually, Due to multiple factors building over time, Not because of one isolated event. Thus, the blank requires a word meaning: → developing progressively through accumulation. “Cumulative” means: → increasing gradually by successive additions over time. Why others are incorrect: Superficial = shallow Sporadic = irregular Arbitrary = random Transient = temporary Only “cumulative” accurately conveys the idea of gradual long-term buildup. Hence, option (c).

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