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      Question

      Match the development theories with their respective proponents. Column A: Theories 1. Theory of Unbalanced Growth 2. Theory of Critical Minimum Effort 3. Creative destruction 4. Stages of Economic Growth Column B: Proponents
      A. Hirschman
      B. Leibenstein
      C. Rostow
      D. Schumpete

      A 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C 1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Unbalanced Growth – Hirschman: He said all sectors cannot grow at the same time in poor countries. So, focus on key sectors first to push others to grow. Critical Minimum Effort – Leibenstein: He explained that poor countries are stuck in a β€œlow growth trap.” A big push (minimum level of investment) is needed to start continuous growth. Creative Destruction – Schumpeter: He said new inventions and businesses replace old ones. This process destroys the old but creates progress and growth. Stages of Growth – Rostow: He described 5 stages of growth from traditional farming society to modern industrial society with high consumption.

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