Under Section 149(1) of the Companies Act, 2013, the minimum requirement for a resident director applies to-

Section 149(1) of the Companies Act, 2013, mandates: "Every company shall have at least one director who is a resident in India." There is no carve-out for any category of company - not for OPCs, not for small companies, not for private companies. The requirement is truly universal. Option (A) wrongly limits it to listed and large companies; (B) excludes OPCs, which remain subject to the requirement; (C) ties it to FDI thresholds, which is irrelevant; (D) invents an exemption for OPCs and small companies that has no basis in the text. Option (E) is the correct statement of the universal application. This question tests whether the candidate has absorbed that the resident director mandate is absolute, unlike the woman director requirement (Section 149(1) proviso) which applies only to listed and certain public companies. The correct answer is (E).