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    Question

    Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, what is the

    procedure for raising an individual industrial dispute concerning an employee and employer?
    A Direct approach to court for legal remedy Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Immediate strike action without notice Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Raising through trade union representation, seeking conciliation before labour officer, and if unresolved, reference to industrial tribunal Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Employer's unilateral decision is final Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E Dispute can only be settled through arbitration Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, establishes a structured grievance redressal mechanism: (1) employee raises dispute through union representation, (2) conciliation officer attempts amicable settlement within 14 days, (3) if conciliation fails, either party can seek reference to Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court. Sections 10-12 provide for government referral of disputes to tribunals. Individual workers are protected from victimization for raising grievances. The Act prohibits strikes/lockouts without following prescribed procedures. Tribunals have powers to reinstate wrongfully dismissed workers, award compensation, and modify conditions of service. This system aims to protect worker interests while maintaining industrial peace.

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