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      Question

      Consider the following code snippet (Java-like):

          class Animal {         public void makeSound() {             System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");         }     }     class Dog extends Animal {         @Override         public void makeSound() {             System.out.println("Dog barks");         }     }     public class Test {         public static void main(String[] args) {             Animal myAnimal = new Dog();             myAnimal.makeSound();         }     }     What will be the output of this code?
      A Animal makes a sound Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Dog barks Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Compilation Error Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Runtime Error Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Nothing, the program will not execute. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      This demonstrates runtime polymorphism (method overriding). Even though myAnimal is declared as type Animal, it actually refers to a Dog object. When makeSound() is called, the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) determines the actual type of the object at runtime and invokes the makeSound() method defined in the Dog class.

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