Which protocol is used by devices to obtain an IP address automatically in a network?

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways, and other network parameters to devices in a network. It eliminates the need for manual configuration, reducing administrative overhead. When a device connects to the network, it broadcasts a DHCP Discover message. The DHCP server responds with an IP address offer, and the device finalizes the lease with a DHCP Request message. This automated process ensures efficient IP management, particularly in large networks where static configuration would be impractical. For instance, DHCP is commonly used in enterprise networks to simplify device onboarding and network configuration. Why Other Options Are Incorrect :

1. ARP : Resolves MAC addresses from IP addresses but does not assign IP addresses.
2. ICMP : Used for diagnostic purposes like pinging but not for IP configuration.
3. NAT : Translates private IP addresses to public ones, not for IP assignment.
4. DNS : Resolves domain names to IP addresses but does not configure devices with IPs.