In Object-Oriented Programming, which of the following Java code snippets correctly demonstrates inheritance ? class Animal {                                            void sound () {         System.out.println( "Animal makes a sound" );     }} class Dog extends Animal {     void sound () {         System.out.println( "Dog barks" );     }}

In this code, the Dog class inherits from the Animal class, and it overrides the sound() method. This is a clear example of inheritance and method overriding in object-oriented programming. Let's break down the code and explain why A is correct and the other options are wrong: ·         Explanation of Correct Option (A): The Dog class extends the Animal class, which means it inherits the sound() method from Animal . However, Dog provides its own version of sound() , printing "Dog barks" instead of "Animal makes a sound". This is method overriding : a subclass providing a specific implementation of a method that was already defined in its superclass. Method overriding allows the subclass to provide its own version of the inherited method. ·         Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

• The Dog class cannot override the sound() method from the Animal class: This is incorrect because the Dog class is allowed to override the sound() method from Animal . Inheritance and overriding are core principles of object-oriented programming in Java.
• The Dog class is inheriting the sound() method from the Animal class but not overriding it: This is incorrect because the Dog class does indeed override the sound() method. It provides a new implementation for that method, which is characteristic of method overriding.
• The Animal class should be an abstract class to allow method overriding: This is incorrect. The Animal class does not need to be abstract for its methods to be overridden. Regular (non-abstract) methods can be overridden in Java.
• The Dog class should not inherit from Animal : This is incorrect because it is logical for a Dog to inherit from an Animal , as all dogs are animals. This reflects real-world relationships and follows the principles of inheritance in OOP.