Answer-Which attack type specifically targets application-layer protocols like HTTP, DNS, and SMTP?

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A DDoS attack overwhelms an application or server by flooding it with a high volume of requests, often targeting application-layer protocols such as HTTP web requests, DNS domain resolution, and SMTP email services. Application-layer DDoS attacks are difficult to detect because they mimic legitimate user traffic, exhausting server resources.    Impact It disrupts services, leading to downtime, loss of business, and customer dissatisfaction.   Prevention Mitigation involves using rate limiting, traffic filtering, and DDoS protection services like Cloudflare or AWS Shield.    Why Other Options Are Incorrect    Brute Force Attack Attempts to crack passwords or keys, not overwhelm protocols.   Injection Attack Exploits database queries, not application-layer protocol overload.   XSS Targets client-side browsers, not server-layer protocols.   CSRF Exploits session trust, unrelated to flooding servers.

Which attack type specifically targets application-layer protocols like HTTP, DNS, and SMTP?

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