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      Question

      Which of the following are considered as a basic

      structure of the Indian Constitution? 1. Social Justice 2. Free and fair elections 3. Supremacy of fundamental rights over Directive Principles of State Policy 4. Supremacy of the Parliament. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
      A 1 and 2 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B 1, 2 and 3 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C 1, 2 and 4 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D 3 and 4 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      ● Basic structure of the Indian Constitution In 1973, the basic structure doctrine was formally introduced with rigorous legal reasoning in the landmark decision of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala. It is a common law legal doctrine which states that the constitution of a sovereign state like India has certain characteristics that cannot be erased by its legislature. Under various judgements of Supreme Court the have emerged as basic features of the constitution some of them are as below: Supremacy of the constitution Social Justice Harmony and balance between fundamental rights and Directive Principles. Free and fair elections Independence of judiciary Limited power of Parliament to amend the constitution Secular character of the constitution Rule of law and Principle of equality

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