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    Question

    Which of the following best describes the function of

    peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells?
    A Protein synthesis and modification Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Digestion of cellular waste and foreign particles Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification of hydrogen peroxide Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D ATP synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Peroxisomes are small, membrane-bound organelles involved in fatty acid β-oxidation and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), using the enzyme catalase. They are distinct from lysosomes, which are primarily involved in cellular digestion. Key Points: • Peroxisomes use oxidative enzymes to break down fatty acids. • They contain catalase to convert H₂O₂ into water and oxygen. • Essential in detoxification processes, especially in liver cells. • Defects in peroxisomal function cause disorders like Zellweger syndrome.

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