The average office employee receives number of emails and text messages each day. If each takes 5 minutes, each employee would need more hours just to deal with messages. Considering the situation, the top management uses the chain of command and only address messages from their direct reports and peers. The Chain of command communication here is called__?

Read the following passage and answer the next 4 question (Q12-Q15) Information or communication flow within an organization refers to the movement of instructions and communications within an organization. There can be several directions in which it takes place within an organization. The direction of information within an organization depends on the size, structure and the nature of the business. Information flow within an organization is extremely important in determining the success or failure of the business in the long run. For example, it is essential for any type of business organization to be able to share information with all the employees effectively by the management. When the management takes an important decision then it should be communicated to all the staffs that are within the organizational hierarchy. Apart from the formal channel of communication, there also exists Informal communication or casual communication between coworkers in the workplace. It is unofficial in nature and is based in the informal, social relationships that are formed in a workplace outside of the normal hierarchy of business structure. This type of communication is important in the workplace as it can help with employee morale and can encourage the feeling of belonging for the employees as well as a client or customer.