Question

A novel small molecule, designed and synthesised by Indian researchers, has shown promise in targeted killing of cancer cells. The molecule (Disarib) works by binding itself to a protein called BCL2. While BCL2 protein is produced in excess in cancer cells, its expression is almost undetectable in normal cells. ………………………………………. Inside a cell there is always a balance between proteins that promote cell death (apoptosis) and those that suppress cell death.

A A team demonstrated that Disarib was able to disrupt the interaction of BCL2 and apoptosis – causing BAK protein and cause the death of cancer cells.
B However, expression of BCL2 is low in certain cancer cell lines such as breast cancer, chronic myelogenous leukaemia and cervical cancer.
C Hence, Disarib targets and kills only cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
D So the Disarib molecule would be ineffective in these cancers.
E Studies were carried out on three animal models for three different cancers- lymphoma, breast adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer.
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