Question
The 'Vertical Equity' principle of taxation implies
that:Solution
- Equity in taxation has two main principles:
- Horizontal Equity:  People with similar ability to pay  (similar income, wealth) should pay similar amounts in tax. (Option a describes this).
- Vertical Equity:  People with greater ability to pay  should contribute a larger proportion  of their income/wealth in taxes. This is the justification for progressive taxation , where the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases. It is based on the concept of the "diminishing marginal utility of money."
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