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      Question

      Which type of mutation is least likely to affect the phenotype of a plant, as it does not change the amino acid sequence?

      Paragraph for question 13 to 16 Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence that can occur in various forms, such as point mutations, where a single base is changed, or deletions and insertions, which result in the loss or addition of DNA segments. Substitutions involve the replacement of bases, while inversions reverse a DNA segment. Frameshift mutations, caused by insertions or deletions, disrupt the reading frame of genes. When a mutation leads to the replacement of one amino acid with another in a plant protein, it is known as ”a” . Mutations play a significant role in plant breeding, as they can introduce beneficial traits, enhance b , and improve crop resistance to diseases or environmental stresses.
      A Missense mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Silent mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Nonsense mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Frameshift mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Insertion Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Silent mutations do not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, and therefore, they are less likely to have a visible effect on the plant's phenotype.

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